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Tienda: Estados Unidos
Mapa de las Lenguas 2021
Margarita García Robayo: de dónde surge «El sonido de las olas»
Todo mapa es una representación del mundo que refleja la visión de quien lo dibuja, y el Mapa de las Lenguas no tiene fronteras ni capitales: trece libros, un año y un territorio común para la literatura de veintiún países que comparten un idioma con tantas voces y lenguas como hablantes. Invitados por LENGUA, los autores de esta edición exponen su geografía literaria. Aquí, Margarita García Robayo sobre «El sonido de las olas».
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style=\\\"text-align: justify;\\\">Hay una erupci\u00f3n de estrellas en el cielo y de picaduras de mosquitos en mis pies. Y un sonido al fondo, como un arrullo o un lamento. Hay un olor salado y pegajoso que cuando llueve se hace dulce, aunque sigue siendo pegajoso. Hay muchas cosas que me fastidian: el pelo transpirado pegado al cr\u00e1neo, la arena rasp\u00e1ndome la piel, la sensaci\u00f3n de estar hirviendo por dentro y por fuera, siempre. La vista es de una belleza pl\u00e1cida, aunque gen\u00e9rica \u2014el mar y las aves que planean sobre un fondo limpio y azul\u2014. Hace poco supe que existe un color llamado azul remoto, me hizo entender mejor lo que se activa cuando miro ese horizonte. Pero a veces el paisaje se ensucia: las olas escupen algas en la arena y peces que agonizan porque tragaron basura. En la costa se forma un cord\u00f3n oscuro, como un collar de tripas que se pudre. Se necesita poco para que brote la ambivalencia. \u00bfC\u00f3mo es posible que algo tan bello huela as\u00ed? Y viceversa. Hago abstracciones, dibujo laberintos, elaboro teor\u00edas que duran lo mismo que un atardecer. No saco mucho en claro. Pura inconducencia.\u00a0<\/p><p style=\\\"text-align: justify;\\\">As\u00ed, m\u00e1s o menos, es como me ocurre la escritura. Vuelvo al lugar del que me fui, una ciudad costera cuyo nombre da igual. No siempre vuelvo de verdad \u2014quiero decir, en un avi\u00f3n\u2014, pero vuelvo sobre ella como se vuelve sobre un trauma, y revivo todo eso que imagino que recuerdo. Me digo otra vez que la relaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s conflictiva que conozco es la que intenta conciliar el relato y la verdad \u2014el adentro y el afuera\u2014. Cuando estoy all\u00ed puedo ver la brecha que marca el l\u00edmite: ese hueco que nunca se llena, salvo que uno se permita no conciliar sino mezclar versiones. En la vida se aplica un procedimiento parecido, pero con resultados opuestos: se mezclan versiones y se impone la que resulta m\u00e1s c\u00f3moda. 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style=\\\"text-align: justify;\\\">Las tres novelas que integran <em>El sonido de las olas<\/em> surgen de esa mezcla, de ese procedimiento. No solo comparten un escenario, sino una motivaci\u00f3n: contar lo que me pasa con el territorio del que vengo, el territorio geogr\u00e1fico y el afectivo. Porque es as\u00ed, antes de imaginar personajes y argumentos y giros se instala sobre m\u00ed una nube pesada de molestias. Algunos lo llaman \u00abfijaciones\u00bb; otros, \u00abexperiencia\u00bb. La primera forma que cobra esa nube de molestias es el silencio. Como cuando un soldado regresa de la guerra y calla porque ha olvidado su idioma y ha aprendido uno nuevo que no comparte con nadie. La escritura no rompe ese silencio, solo lo traduce. La escritura no altera la experiencia, solo la disfraza para hacerla inofensiva.\u00a0<\/p><p style=\\\"text-align: justify;\\\"><\/p><p style=\\\"text-align: justify;\\\">Alguien me dijo que las narradoras de estas novelas est\u00e1n muy enojadas. \u00abEstar enojada\u00bb es algo que suele decirse de las mujeres inc\u00f3modas. En el fondo quiz\u00e1 sea lo mismo. A las narradoras de estas novelas les cuesta modificar el lugar \u2014f\u00edsico y simb\u00f3lico\u2014 que el mundo les ha asignado. \u00bfY qu\u00e9 hacen? Buscan el modo de fugarse. Los caminos rara vez son luminosos. O s\u00ed, pero como son luminosas un pu\u00f1ado de luci\u00e9rnagas amontonadas en la oscuridad. No podr\u00eda decir que son novelas felices, pero me niego a aceptar que son fatalistas. Porque, aunque los desenlaces est\u00e1n lejos del idilio, en el camino hay ventanas que permiten visualizar otros destinos posibles, otra tonalidad de azul. Y eso alcanza para cambiar el mundo, quiz\u00e1 no el de afuera pero s\u00ed el de adentro. 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6 minutos
Margarita García Robayo. Crédito: Alejandra López.
Hay una erupción de estrellas en el cielo y de picaduras de mosquitos en mis pies. Y un sonido al fondo, como un arrullo o un lamento. Hay un olor salado y pegajoso que cuando llueve se hace dulce, aunque sigue siendo pegajoso. Hay muchas cosas que me fastidian: el pelo transpirado pegado al cráneo, la arena raspándome la piel, la sensación de estar hirviendo por dentro y por fuera, siempre. La vista es de una belleza plácida, aunque genérica —el mar y las aves que planean sobre un fondo limpio y azul—. Hace poco supe que existe un color llamado azul remoto, me hizo entender mejor lo que se activa cuando miro ese horizonte. Pero a veces el paisaje se ensucia: las olas escupen algas en la arena y peces que agonizan porque tragaron basura. En la costa se forma un cordón oscuro, como un collar de tripas que se pudre. Se necesita poco para que brote la ambivalencia. ¿Cómo es posible que algo tan bello huela así? Y viceversa. Hago abstracciones, dibujo laberintos, elaboro teorías que duran lo mismo que un atardecer. No saco mucho en claro. Pura inconducencia.
Así, más o menos, es como me ocurre la escritura. Vuelvo al lugar del que me fui, una ciudad costera cuyo nombre da igual. No siempre vuelvo de verdad —quiero decir, en un avión—, pero vuelvo sobre ella como se vuelve sobre un trauma, y revivo todo eso que imagino que recuerdo. Me digo otra vez que la relación más conflictiva que conozco es la que intenta conciliar el relato y la verdad —el adentro y el afuera—. Cuando estoy allí puedo ver la brecha que marca el límite: ese hueco que nunca se llena, salvo que uno se permita no conciliar sino mezclar versiones. En la vida se aplica un procedimiento parecido, pero con resultados opuestos: se mezclan versiones y se impone la que resulta más cómoda. En la literatura, en cambio, prevalecen las versiones incómodas porque, aunque se diga lo contrario, la literatura no quiere copiar la vida —ni amansarla, ni alivianarla, ni siquiera celebrarla—, sino subvertirla.
Las tres novelas que integran El sonido de las olas surgen de esa mezcla, de ese procedimiento. No solo comparten un escenario, sino una motivación: contar lo que me pasa con el territorio del que vengo, el territorio geográfico y el afectivo. Porque es así, antes de imaginar personajes y argumentos y giros se instala sobre mí una nube pesada de molestias. Algunos lo llaman «fijaciones»; otros, «experiencia». La primera forma que cobra esa nube de molestias es el silencio. Como cuando un soldado regresa de la guerra y calla porque ha olvidado su idioma y ha aprendido uno nuevo que no comparte con nadie. La escritura no rompe ese silencio, solo lo traduce. La escritura no altera la experiencia, solo la disfraza para hacerla inofensiva.
Alguien me dijo que las narradoras de estas novelas están muy enojadas. «Estar enojada» es algo que suele decirse de las mujeres incómodas. En el fondo quizá sea lo mismo. A las narradoras de estas novelas les cuesta modificar el lugar —físico y simbólico— que el mundo les ha asignado. ¿Y qué hacen? Buscan el modo de fugarse. Los caminos rara vez son luminosos. O sí, pero como son luminosas un puñado de luciérnagas amontonadas en la oscuridad. No podría decir que son novelas felices, pero me niego a aceptar que son fatalistas. Porque, aunque los desenlaces están lejos del idilio, en el camino hay ventanas que permiten visualizar otros destinos posibles, otra tonalidad de azul. Y eso alcanza para cambiar el mundo, quizá no el de afuera pero sí el de adentro. Para aferrarse a un relato propio y perdurable, por incómodo que sea.
Este año, en un mundo que está cerrando sus fronteras, asomarnos a otros territorios a través de la palabra cobra más relevancia que nunca. Mapa de las Lenguas es una colección panhispánica global que presenta la mejor literatura de veintiún países que comparten el idioma. Pero es, sobre todo, un itinerario de viaje por trece de los libros que el año pasado tuvieron mayor trascendencia en su país de origen y que, a lo largo del 2021, recorrerán el resto del ámbito del español.
Adentrarse en la obra de estas trece voces es transitar un territorio físico, tangible, pero también un espacio moral, intelectual, anímico, político y sociocultural. La lectura de un autor contemporáneo de cualquier país de habla hispana es una ventana a una forma de expresarse y escribir en español, pero también un modo de tomarle la temperatura a las preocupaciones y los anhelos de cada uno de esos lugares.
Más Lengua
Fernanda Trías
6 minutos
