Literatura

Cormac McCarthy por Emiliano Monge: un padre y un hijo, un hijo y un padre

Tras 16 años de silencio, Cormac McCarthy ha regresado con dos novelas interconectadas en un único volumen, «El pasajero» y «Stella Maris» (Random House), un magistral «tour de force» que es sin duda uno de los más relevantes acontecimientos literarios de 2022. Al hilo de la publicación de estos títulos, volvemos la vista atrás para acercarnos -de nuevo- a «La carretera», la novela galardonada con el premio Pulitzer 2007 que convirtió a McCarthy en uno de los más grandes autores americanos contemporáneos. En el siguiente texto, incluido como prólogo en la reciente reedición mexicana del título, Emiliano Monge repasa las sensaciones que le generó el superventas de McCarthy cuando viajó por primera vez -hace más de 15 años- con ese padre y con ese hijo a través de un paisaje posapocalíptico, de «una tierra destripada y erosionada y árida».

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Quiz\u00e1 deber\u00edas pensar en eso.<br \/>Algunas cosas las olvidas, \u00bfno? <br \/>S\u00ed. Olvidas lo que quieres recordar y recuerdas lo que quieres olvidar.<\/p><p class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\"><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/602-cormac-mccarthy\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Cormac McCarthy<\/a><\/span><\/p><p class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\"><\/p><p style=\\\"text-align: 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class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\">Olvidemos, por un momento,\u00a0<span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><em><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/ciencia-ficcion\/35603-libro-la-carretera-9788483468685\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">La carretera.<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p><p class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\">Olvidemos, tambi\u00e9n por un instante, que el mundo, tal y como lo conocemos, ha desaparecido, que ha alcanzado una suerte de final, tras convertirse en \u00abuna tierra destripada y erosionada y \u00e1rida\u00bb.<o:p><\/o:p><\/p><p class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\">Enfoquemos a ese hombre y a ese ni\u00f1o que recorren, a veces tomados de la mano, otras caminando lo m\u00e1s cerca que pueden avanzar uno del otro, ese mundo que reposa el terrible cansancio de haber ardido, esos territorios enceguecidos donde la luz ha dejado de ser lo que pensamos cuando pensamos en la luz y esa carretera, s\u00ed, que no alcanza a ser un personaje pero ser\u00e1 un escenario memorable: el \u00faltimo vestigio de lo que alguna vez fueron el movimiento, el progreso y el desarrollo.<o:p><\/o:p><\/p><p class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\"><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ez0YzNRdwik\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Ese hombre y ese ni\u00f1o<\/a><\/span>, cuyos nombres no parecer\u00edan ser importantes o han dejado, m\u00e1s bien, de serlo, pues esos nombres, como el resto de palabras, como el lenguaje en s\u00ed, tambi\u00e9n han sido alcanzados por la destrucci\u00f3n \u2014\u00abIntent\u00f3 pensar en algo que decir pero no pudo. No era la primera vez que ten\u00eda esa sensaci\u00f3n, m\u00e1s all\u00e1 del entumecimiento y la sorda desesperaci\u00f3n. Como si el mundo se encogiera en torno a un n\u00facleo no procesado de entidades desglosables. Las cosas cayendo en el olvido y con ellas sus nombres. Los colores. Los nombres de los p\u00e1jaros. Alimentos. Por \u00faltimo, los nombres de cosas que uno cre\u00eda verdaderas. M\u00e1s fr\u00e1giles de lo que \u00e9l habr\u00eda pensado. \u00bfCu\u00e1nto de ese mundo hab\u00eda desaparecido ya?\u00bb\u2014; ese hombre y ese hijo son lo que queda del tiempo anterior al cataclismo: la idea y la pr\u00e1ctica de la familia, la idea y la pr\u00e1ctica de que todo crece en torno a esta.<\/p>\",\"section_style\":\"\",\"align\":\"\",\"align_tablet\":\"\",\"align_mobile\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"#1a1a1a\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"18\"},\"typography_font_size_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_size_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_family\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family_custom\":\"Fort-Book\",\"typography_font_weight\":\"\",\"typography_text_transform\":\"\",\"typography_font_style\":\"\",\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"27\"},\"typography_line_height_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_line_height_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"_section_style\":\"\",\"_margin\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"2\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_margin_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_margin_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_animation\":\"\",\"animation_duration\":\"\",\"_css_classes\":\"\",\"_section_background\":\"\",\"_background_background\":\"\",\"_background_color\":\"\",\"_background_image\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_background_position\":\"\",\"_background_attachment\":\"\",\"_background_repeat\":\"\",\"_background_size\":\"\",\"_background_video_link\":\"\",\"_background_video_fallback\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_border_border\":\"\",\"_border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_border_color\":\"\",\"_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_box_shadow_box_shadow_type\":\"\",\"_box_shadow_box_shadow\":{\"horizontal\":0,\"vertical\":0,\"blur\":10,\"spread\":0,\"inset\":\"\",\"color\":\"rgba(0,0,0,0.5)\"},\"_section_responsive\":\"\",\"responsive_description\":\"\",\"hide_desktop\":\"\",\"hide_tablet\":\"\",\"hide_mobile\":\"\"},\"defaultEditSettings\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\",\"editSettings\":{}}],\"editSettings\":{}}],\"editSettings\":{}},{\"id\":\"xwz9lrd\",\"elType\":\"section\",\"isInner\":false,\"settings\":{\"section_layout\":\"\",\"stretch_section\":\"\",\"layout\":\"boxed\",\"content_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"gap\":\"default\",\"height\":\"default\",\"custom_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":400},\"column_position\":\"middle\",\"content_position\":\"\",\"structure\":\"20\",\"section_background\":\"\",\"background_background\":\"\",\"background_color\":\"\",\"background_color_stop\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":0},\"background_color_b\":\"\",\"background_color_b_stop\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100},\"background_gradient_type\":\"linear\",\"background_gradient_angle\":{\"unit\":\"deg\",\"size\":180},\"background_gradient_position\":\"center 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que queda de ese tiempo que se ha perdido pero tambi\u00e9n lo que debe, lo que tiene por fuerza que preservarse para que alg\u00fan futuro, cualquiera que este sea, resulte posible, pues esa idea y esa pr\u00e1ctica de la familia, reducida a sus componentes m\u00ednimos, son lo que nos queda, la \u00faltima oportunidad que tenemos para salvar la humanidad: un hombre y un ni\u00f1o que se turnar\u00e1n para vigilarse el sue\u00f1o y para cuidar sus vigilias, que compartir\u00e1n cada bocado de comida que encuentren y cada trago de agua sucia que consigan filtrar o hacer hervir, que lo dar\u00e1n todo por preservar el mundo interior y los contados anhelos del otro y que se preocupar\u00e1n por su respiraci\u00f3n tanto o m\u00e1s como se preocupan por la propia, por esa aspiraci\u00f3n y por esa exhalaci\u00f3n que hincha y deshincha sus tapabocas, sucios de ceniza, polvo, sudor y silencios forzados. Un hombre y un ni\u00f1o que, lo dije ya, son un padre y un hijo \u2014la madre, la esposa, ese otro fragmento de la idea y de la pr\u00e1ctica de la familia, desesperanzada y agotada, descubriremos en el comienzo mismo de la lectura, habr\u00e1 de entrar m\u00e1s pronto que tarde en la noche inagotable que todo lo rodea\u2014.<\/p><p>Padre e hijo, hijo y padre: de esta relaci\u00f3n, por encima de todo lo dem\u00e1s, se trata <em><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/ciencia-ficcion\/304779-libro-la-carretera-9788439741008\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">La carretera<\/a><\/span>,<\/em> este libro que sostienes ahora entre las manos y que yo sostuve, por primera vez, hace m\u00e1s de quince a\u00f1os. Es curioso recordarlo, recordar esa primera lectura que llev\u00e9 a cabo de manera voraz en el vag\u00f3n del metro que me llevaba de mi casa al trabajo y desde ese trabajo, otra vez, hasta mi casa. Y es curioso porque el d\u00eda que lo termin\u00e9, el d\u00eda que llegu\u00e9 al final de esta obra de\u00a0<span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/602-cormac-mccarthy\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Cormac McCarthy<\/a><\/span> \u2014a quien mucho antes y mucho despu\u00e9s he considerado el mayor escritor vivo de finales del siglo\u00a0XX y de principios del XXI, entre otras cosas porque dio patente de corso a lo que hoy conocemos como literatura de frontera\u2014, casi me echan de ese trabajo: cuando llegu\u00e9 a la estaci\u00f3n en la cual deb\u00eda bajar, me faltaban treinta o cuarenta p\u00e1ginas y decid\u00ed, unilateralmente, que no saldr\u00eda de aquel vag\u00f3n hasta no haber alcanzado el final de esta historia \u2014una historia en la que intu\u00eda, a mis veintitantos a\u00f1os y acaso como se intuye un cambio repentino en el clima, una obra maestra\u2014, una historia que, entonces, me llev\u00f3 hasta el final de la l\u00ednea anaranjada del metro de la\u00a0<span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/no-ficcion\/el-rey-del-cash-elena-chavez-anabel-hernandez\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Ciudad de M\u00e9xico<\/a><\/span> y de regreso, otra vez, al tiempo que me trasladaba, a consecuencia del sitio que entonces ocupaba en el mundo y en mi familia, al lugar del 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hijo. Y el padre. El padre y el hijo, de eso estaba hablando antes de colar ac\u00e1 el recuerdo inesperado y curioso \u2014\u00abolvidas lo que quieres recordar y recuerdas lo que quieres olvidar\u00bb\u2014 de mi primera lectura del m\u00e1s singular de los libros de McCarthy, en el sentido de que, aunque habita el mismo conjunto que el resto de su obra, asoma la mirada fuera de este, alcanzando los territorios de la ficci\u00f3n especulativa. De que <em>La carretera<\/em> se trata, por encima de todo lo dem\u00e1s \u2014la necesidad de alcanzar el sur, la apremiante b\u00fasqueda del mar, la urgencia constante y mil veces repetida de encontrar comida y agua, la obligaci\u00f3n de estar alertas las veinticuatro horas del d\u00eda para no ser sorprendidos por los malos, la certeza de que los otros son, m\u00e1s que nunca, otros, la convicci\u00f3n de que el fuego puede arder en el exterior m\u00e1s inh\u00f3spito pero tambi\u00e9n en el pecho de los buenos, la seguridad de que habr\u00e1 un d\u00eda m\u00e1s aun a pesar de que la ceniza siga cayendo y de que no quede rastro alguno de otros animales, acaso un ladrido en la distancia\u2014, de esa relaci\u00f3n paterno filial que, en esta obra apocal\u00edptica, como est\u00e1s a punto de constatar, resulta casi imposible no experimentar la sensaci\u00f3n de estar ante una premonici\u00f3n, es el sentido y el signo, el significado y el s\u00edmbolo que ata a sus personajes entre s\u00ed pero tambi\u00e9n a la vida, al tiempo, al espacio y a la carretera, insufl\u00e1ndoles una fuerza que aunque puede titilar y puede estar a punto de apagarse, habr\u00e1 de transformar la propia relaci\u00f3n hasta convertirla en algo a\u00fan m\u00e1s poderoso: un v\u00ednculo perfectamente atado, el nudo que vuelve incombustible lo \u00fanico sagrado que queda en ese mundo del que parecer\u00edan haberse retirado los dioses: \u00abSi \u00e9l no es la palabra de Dios, Dios no ha hablado nunca\u00bb, se dice el padre.<\/p><p>El mismo padre que ante aquella certeza que cit\u00e9 antes y ahora desvelo un poco m\u00e1s: \u00abPor \u00faltimo los nombres de cosas que uno cre\u00eda verdaderas. M\u00e1s fr\u00e1giles de lo que \u00e9l habr\u00eda pensado. \u00bfCu\u00e1nto de ese mundo hab\u00eda desaparecido ya? El sagrado idioma desprovisto de sus referentes y por lo tanto de su realidad\u00bb, es decir, el mismo padre que ante la p\u00e9rdida casi absoluta del sentido terrenal pero tambi\u00e9n del sentido celestial se aferra al \u00fanico v\u00ednculo con el que cuenta llev\u00e1ndolo incluso al plano espiritual: \u00abEvoca las formas. Cuando no tengas nada m\u00e1s inventa las ceremonias e inf\u00fandeles vida\u00bb. Inventa las ceremonias e inf\u00fandeles vida: esa ceremonia, esa celebraci\u00f3n de la existencia a pesar de que \u00e9sta ya no sea m\u00e1s que eso, mera existencia, dura e inclemente supervivencia, la pura terquedad de no dejarse caer aun cuando el entorno es \u00abcomo el agonizante mundo que habitan los ciegos nuevos, todo \u00e9l disolvi\u00e9ndose lentamente de la memoria\u00bb, igual que en el comienzo de los tiempos, en su final, es decir, su recomienzo, es de nueva cuenta el nudo que ata al padre y al hijo, un nudo casi f\u00edsico, adem\u00e1s, que entonces es la flecha que el mundo de antes ha lanzado a trav\u00e9s de esa noche oscura en la que el presente se ha convertido de golpe \u2014\u00ablos relojes se pararon a la 1:17. Un largo tijeretazo de claridad y luego una serie de peque\u00f1as sacudidas. Se levant\u00f3 y fue a la ventana. \u00bfQu\u00e9 pasa?, dijo ella. \u00c9l no respondi\u00f3.\u00a0 Entr\u00f3 en el cuarto de ba\u00f1o y puls\u00f3 el interruptor de la luz pero ya no hab\u00eda corriente. Un fulgor rosado en la luna de la ventana. Hinc\u00f3 la rodilla y levant\u00f3 la palanca para tapar la ba\u00f1era y luego abri\u00f3 los dos grifos a tope. Ella estaba en el umbral en camis\u00f3n, agarrada a la jamba, sosteni\u00e9ndose la barriga con una mano. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es?, dijo. \u00bfQu\u00e9 pasa? No lo s\u00e9\u00bb\u2014, con la esperanza de que su dardo consiga atravesar el tiempo y de que alumbre, despu\u00e9s, en el futuro, sea cual sea ese futuro: \u00abTienes que llevar el fuego. No s\u00e9 c\u00f3mo hacerlo. S\u00ed que lo sabes\u00bb.<\/p>\",\"section_style\":\"\",\"align\":\"\",\"align_tablet\":\"\",\"align_mobile\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"#1a1a1a\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"18\"},\"typography_font_size_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_size_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_family\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family_custom\":\"Fort-Book\",\"typography_font_weight\":\"\",\"typography_text_transform\":\"\",\"typography_font_style\":\"\",\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"27\"},\"typography_line_height_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_line_height_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"_section_style\":\"\",\"_margin\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"58\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_margin_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_margin_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_animation\":\"\",\"animation_duration\":\"\",\"_css_classes\":\"\",\"_section_background\":\"\",\"_background_background\":\"\",\"_background_color\":\"\",\"_background_image\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_background_position\":\"\",\"_background_attachment\":\"\",\"_background_repeat\":\"\",\"_background_size\":\"\",\"_background_video_link\":\"\",\"_background_video_fallback\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_border_border\":\"\",\"_border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_border_color\":\"\",\"_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_box_shadow_box_shadow_type\":\"\",\"_box_shadow_box_shadow\":{\"horizontal\":0,\"vertical\":0,\"blur\":10,\"spread\":0,\"inset\":\"\",\"color\":\"rgba(0,0,0,0.5)\"},\"_section_responsive\":\"\",\"responsive_description\":\"\",\"hide_desktop\":\"\",\"hide_tablet\":\"\",\"hide_mobile\":\"\"},\"defaultEditSettings\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\",\"editSettings\":{}},{\"id\":\"r3ohoc0\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"isInner\":false,\"settings\":{\"section_editor\":\"\",\"editor\":\"<p><em>La carretera<\/em> es tambi\u00e9n una historia en la que la esperanza y la desesperanza se enredan como serpientes que han de procrear un nuevo bicho, un bicho listo para el cataclismo, un bicho que enarbole el amor como antorcha.<\/p>\",\"section_style\":\"\",\"align\":\"\",\"align_tablet\":\"\",\"align_mobile\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"#000000\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"40\"},\"typography_font_size_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_size_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"24\"},\"typography_font_family\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family_custom\":\"Vollkorn\",\"typography_font_weight\":\"\",\"typography_text_transform\":\"\",\"typography_font_style\":\"\",\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"45\"},\"typography_line_height_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_line_height_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"30\"},\"typography_letter_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"_section_style\":\"\",\"_margin\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"95\",\"bottom\":\"58\",\"left\":\"95\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_margin_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"30\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"30\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_margin_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_animation\":\"\",\"animation_duration\":\"\",\"_css_classes\":\"\",\"_section_background\":\"\",\"_background_background\":\"\",\"_background_color\":\"\",\"_background_image\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_background_position\":\"\",\"_background_attachment\":\"\",\"_background_repeat\":\"\",\"_background_size\":\"\",\"_background_video_link\":\"\",\"_background_video_fallback\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_border_border\":\"\",\"_border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_border_color\":\"\",\"_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_box_shadow_box_shadow_type\":\"\",\"_box_shadow_box_shadow\":{\"horizontal\":0,\"vertical\":0,\"blur\":10,\"spread\":0,\"inset\":\"\",\"color\":\"rgba(0,0,0,0.5)\"},\"_section_responsive\":\"\",\"responsive_description\":\"\",\"hide_desktop\":\"\",\"hide_tablet\":\"\",\"hide_mobile\":\"\"},\"defaultEditSettings\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\",\"editSettings\":{}},{\"id\":\"i1fzq5n\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"isInner\":false,\"settings\":{\"section_editor\":\"\",\"editor\":\"<p>Ese v\u00ednculo, ese nudo, el del padre y el hijo, el del hijo y el padre, sin embargo, adem\u00e1s de estar atado por necesidades compartidas, lo est\u00e1 tambi\u00e9n por una dimensi\u00f3n totalmente diferente pero s\u00f3lo en apariencia contradictoria \u2014esta es, de hecho, una de las claves que me permiten aseverar, muchos a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de haberlo apenas intuido, que <em>La carretera<\/em> es una obra maestra: m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de que ac\u00e1 el fondo sea forma y de que la forma sea fondo, McCarthy logra el prodigio de que fondo y forma intercambien, de tanto en tanto, lugares\u2014, una dimensi\u00f3n que vuelve al v\u00ednculo un nudo, pero un nudo m\u00e1gico, un nudo corredizo: el padre necesita, sobre todo lo dem\u00e1s \u2014su lucha por mantener el pasado a raya en su memoria, su obsesi\u00f3n por empatar sus sue\u00f1os con su realidad, su combate constante con esa enfermedad que lo hace escupir sangre\u2014 que el hijo viva, necesita, pues, estar dispuesto a dar la vida por \u00e9l; por su parte, el hijo necesita, sobre todo lo dem\u00e1s \u2014su lucha por mantener a raya el miedo que le inspira el futuro, su obsesi\u00f3n por no infringir ning\u00fan tipo de mal ni generar da\u00f1o alguno, su combate constante con la idea de que la maldad habita en todos los otros\u2014, que el padre lo mantenga vivo, necesita, pues, que est\u00e9 dispuesto a dar la vida por \u00e9l: cada uno es la garant\u00eda del otro. Y para que esa garant\u00eda no expire, el padre debe vencer a la esperanza, mientras el hijo debe vencer a la desesperanza, tal y como ha sido, otra vez, desde el comienzo de los tiempos, desde que hubo un padre y un hijo.<\/p><p>\u00abYo no puedo ayudarte. Dicen que las mujeres sue\u00f1an con el peligro que acecha a sus seres queridos y que los hombres sue\u00f1an con el peligro que corren ellos mismos. Pero yo no sue\u00f1o nada. \u00bfDices que no eres capaz? Entonces no lo hagas [\u2026] Es posible que lo consigas. Lo dudo, pero qui\u00e9n sabe. Lo \u00fanico que puedo decirte es que t\u00fa solo no sobrevivir\u00e1s. Lo s\u00e9 porque yo nunca habr\u00eda llegado hasta tan lejos. Una persona que no tuviera a nadie har\u00eda bien en hacerse de un fantasma m\u00e1s o menos pasable. Ofrecerle migas de fantasma y protegerlo con su propio cuerpo. Por lo que a m\u00ed respecta mi \u00fanica esperanza es la nada eterna y la deseo con toda mi alma\u00bb: <em>La carretera<\/em> es tambi\u00e9n una historia en la que la esperanza y la desesperanza se enredan como serpientes que han de procrear un nuevo bicho, un bicho listo para el cataclismo, un bicho que enarbole el amor como antorcha, me digo cuando acabo de leer, una vez m\u00e1s, este libro que, ahora, quince a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s, adem\u00e1s de hacerme retrasar otros trabajos, como si siguiera en el vag\u00f3n del metro, me traslada, a consecuencia del sitio que hoy ocupo en el mundo y en mi propia familia, en vez de al lugar del hijo, al del padre.<\/p><p>\u00bfSe puede pedir m\u00e1s de un libro? \u00bfSe puede esperar algo m\u00e1s del acto est\u00e9tico que poder trasladarse no a uno sino a varios personajes? \u00bfPoder ser, seg\u00fan la lectura, el hijo o el padre, por ejemplo? \u00bfPoder ser cualquiera de los extremos de ese v\u00ednculo que al final es La carretera? \u00bfSer la esperanza o la desesperanza, ser el resguardo o el resguardado, ser el palo de la antorcha o la tea?, me pregunto justo antes de acabar este pr\u00f3logo y recuerdo mis subrayados: \u00abSe qued\u00f3 acostado mirando al chico junto al fuego. Quer\u00eda ser capaz de ver. Mira todo esto, dijo. No hay un solo profeta en la larga cr\u00f3nica de la Tierra que no encuentre hoy aqu\u00ed su raz\u00f3n de ser. Ten\u00edais raz\u00f3n, hablarais de lo que hablarais\u00bb.<\/p><p>Luego reviso y transcribo ac\u00e1 mis dos \u00faltimos subrayados: \u00ab\u00bfLa vida real es muy mala? \u00bfT\u00fa qu\u00e9 piensas? Bueno, yo pienso que todav\u00eda estamos vivos. Nos han ocurrido muchas cosas malas pero todav\u00eda estamos aqu\u00ed. S\u00ed. No te parece que eso sea estupendo. Puede\u00bb. Y luego: \u00ab\u00bfEs de verdad? \u00bfEl fuego? S\u00ed. \u00bfD\u00f3nde est\u00e1? Yo no s\u00e9 d\u00f3nde est\u00e1 el fuego. S\u00ed que lo sabes. Est\u00e1 en tu interior. Siempre ha estado ah\u00ed. Yo lo veo\u00bb.<\/p><p>Y es que el fuego, al final, como al principio y como siempre, no arde m\u00e1s que en nombre de la bondad y la belleza: el fuego es el coraz\u00f3n del coraz\u00f3n del v\u00ednculo, como seguramente ustedes tambi\u00e9n descubrir\u00e1n tras su lectura.<\/p><p>De eso, sobre todo, trata este libro, en el que tambi\u00e9n hay una carretera, un mundo que ardi\u00f3, un clima helado y un tiempo enredado.<\/p><p>Pero basta. Pasen y gocen. Ver\u00e1n que ustedes tambi\u00e9n olvidan todo lo dem\u00e1s, aunque sea un momento.<\/p>\",\"section_style\":\"\",\"align\":\"\",\"align_tablet\":\"\",\"align_mobile\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"#1a1a1a\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"18\"},\"typography_font_size_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_size_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_family\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family_custom\":\"Fort-Book\",\"typography_font_weight\":\"\",\"typography_text_transform\":\"\",\"typography_font_style\":\"\",\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"27\"},\"typography_line_height_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_line_height_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"_section_style\":\"\",\"_margin\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"58\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_margin_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_margin_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_animation\":\"\",\"animation_duration\":\"\",\"_css_classes\":\"\",\"_section_background\":\"\",\"_background_background\":\"\",\"_background_color\":\"\",\"_background_image\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_background_position\":\"\",\"_background_attachment\":\"\",\"_background_repeat\":\"\",\"_background_size\":\"\",\"_background_video_link\":\"\",\"_background_video_fallback\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_border_border\":\"\",\"_border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_border_color\":\"\",\"_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_box_shadow_box_shadow_type\":\"\",\"_box_shadow_box_shadow\":{\"horizontal\":0,\"vertical\":0,\"blur\":10,\"spread\":0,\"inset\":\"\",\"color\":\"rgba(0,0,0,0.5)\"},\"_section_responsive\":\"\",\"responsive_description\":\"\",\"hide_desktop\":\"\",\"hide_tablet\":\"\",\"hide_mobile\":\"\"},\"defaultEditSettings\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\",\"editSettings\":{}},{\"id\":\"z5cn49z\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"isInner\":false,\"settings\":{\"section_editor\":\"\",\"editor\":\"<p class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\"><strong>OTROS\u00a0CONTENIDOS DE INTER\u00c9S:<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/literatura\/joseph-heller-por-rodrigo-fresan-american-mad-man-psycho\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Joseph Heller por Rodrigo Fres\u00e1n: American Mad Man Psycho<\/a><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/literatura\/abdulrazak-gurnah-paraiso\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Gurnah por Gurnah: la odisea del forastero que gan\u00f3 el Nobel<\/a><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/literatura\/donald-ray-pollock-guillermo-saccomanno\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Donald Ray Pollock por Guillermo Saccomanno: un predicador en la noche oscura<\/a><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/literatura\/hanya-yanagihara-al-paraiso\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Yanagihara por Yanagihara: tres tristes vidas y la posibilidad de una huida<\/a><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/literatura\/jonathan-franzen-encrucijadas-salamandra\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\">Franzen por Franzen: retrato de familia en detalle<\/a><\/span><\/p>\",\"section_style\":\"\",\"align\":\"\",\"align_tablet\":\"\",\"align_mobile\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"#1a1a1a\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"18\"},\"typography_font_size_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_size_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_family\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family_custom\":\"Fort-Book\",\"typography_font_weight\":\"\",\"typography_text_transform\":\"\",\"typography_font_style\":\"\",\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"27\"},\"typography_line_height_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_line_height_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"_section_style\":\"\",\"_margin\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"58\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_margin_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_margin_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"20\",\"bottom\":\"20\",\"left\":\"20\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_animation\":\"\",\"animation_duration\":\"\",\"_css_classes\":\"\",\"_section_background\":\"\",\"_background_background\":\"\",\"_background_color\":\"\",\"_background_image\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_background_position\":\"\",\"_background_attachment\":\"\",\"_background_repeat\":\"\",\"_background_size\":\"\",\"_background_video_link\":\"\",\"_background_video_fallback\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_border_border\":\"solid\",\"_border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"1\",\"right\":\"1\",\"bottom\":\"1\",\"left\":\"1\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_border_color\":\"\",\"_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"20\",\"right\":\"20\",\"bottom\":\"20\",\"left\":\"20\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_box_shadow_box_shadow_type\":\"\",\"_box_shadow_box_shadow\":{\"horizontal\":0,\"vertical\":0,\"blur\":10,\"spread\":0,\"inset\":\"\",\"color\":\"rgba(0,0,0,0.5)\"},\"_section_responsive\":\"\",\"responsive_description\":\"\",\"hide_desktop\":\"\",\"hide_tablet\":\"\",\"hide_mobile\":\"\"},\"defaultEditSettings\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\",\"editSettings\":{}}],\"editSettings\":{}}],\"editSettings\":{}},{\"id\":\"2ri5wo8\",\"elType\":\"section\",\"isInner\":false,\"settings\":{\"section_layout\":\"\",\"stretch_section\":\"section-stretched\",\"layout\":\"full_width\",\"content_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"gap\":\"default\",\"height\":\"default\",\"custom_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":400},\"column_position\":\"middle\",\"content_position\":\"\",\"structure\":\"10\",\"section_background\":\"\",\"background_background\":\"\",\"background_color\":\"\",\"background_color_stop\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":0},\"background_color_b\":\"\",\"background_color_b_stop\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":100},\"background_gradient_type\":\"linear\",\"background_gradient_angle\":{\"unit\":\"deg\",\"size\":180},\"background_gradient_position\":\"center 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10 minutos
Cormac McCarthy. Crédito: Beowulf Sheehan.

Cormac McCarthy. Crédito: Beowulf Sheehan.

Las cosas que metes en tu cabeza están ahí para siempre. Quizá deberías pensar en eso.
Algunas cosas las olvidas, ¿no?
Sí. Olvidas lo que quieres recordar y recuerdas lo que quieres olvidar.

Cormac McCarthy

Olvidemos, por un momento, La carretera.

Olvidemos, también por un instante, que el mundo, tal y como lo conocemos, ha desaparecido, que ha alcanzado una suerte de final, tras convertirse en «una tierra destripada y erosionada y árida».

Enfoquemos a ese hombre y a ese niño que recorren, a veces tomados de la mano, otras caminando lo más cerca que pueden avanzar uno del otro, ese mundo que reposa el terrible cansancio de haber ardido, esos territorios enceguecidos donde la luz ha dejado de ser lo que pensamos cuando pensamos en la luz y esa carretera, sí, que no alcanza a ser un personaje pero será un escenario memorable: el último vestigio de lo que alguna vez fueron el movimiento, el progreso y el desarrollo.

Ese hombre y ese niño, cuyos nombres no parecerían ser importantes o han dejado, más bien, de serlo, pues esos nombres, como el resto de palabras, como el lenguaje en sí, también han sido alcanzados por la destrucción —«Intentó pensar en algo que decir pero no pudo. No era la primera vez que tenía esa sensación, más allá del entumecimiento y la sorda desesperación. Como si el mundo se encogiera en torno a un núcleo no procesado de entidades desglosables. Las cosas cayendo en el olvido y con ellas sus nombres. Los colores. Los nombres de los pájaros. Alimentos. Por último, los nombres de cosas que uno creía verdaderas. Más frágiles de lo que él habría pensado. ¿Cuánto de ese mundo había desaparecido ya?»—; ese hombre y ese hijo son lo que queda del tiempo anterior al cataclismo: la idea y la práctica de la familia, la idea y la práctica de que todo crece en torno a esta.

Lo que queda de ese tiempo que se ha perdido pero también lo que debe, lo que tiene por fuerza que preservarse para que algún futuro, cualquiera que este sea, resulte posible, pues esa idea y esa práctica de la familia, reducida a sus componentes mínimos, son lo que nos queda, la última oportunidad que tenemos para salvar la humanidad: un hombre y un niño que se turnarán para vigilarse el sueño y para cuidar sus vigilias, que compartirán cada bocado de comida que encuentren y cada trago de agua sucia que consigan filtrar o hacer hervir, que lo darán todo por preservar el mundo interior y los contados anhelos del otro y que se preocuparán por su respiración tanto o más como se preocupan por la propia, por esa aspiración y por esa exhalación que hincha y deshincha sus tapabocas, sucios de ceniza, polvo, sudor y silencios forzados. Un hombre y un niño que, lo dije ya, son un padre y un hijo —la madre, la esposa, ese otro fragmento de la idea y de la práctica de la familia, desesperanzada y agotada, descubriremos en el comienzo mismo de la lectura, habrá de entrar más pronto que tarde en la noche inagotable que todo lo rodea—.

Padre e hijo, hijo y padre: de esta relación, por encima de todo lo demás, se trata La carretera, este libro que sostienes ahora entre las manos y que yo sostuve, por primera vez, hace más de quince años. Es curioso recordarlo, recordar esa primera lectura que llevé a cabo de manera voraz en el vagón del metro que me llevaba de mi casa al trabajo y desde ese trabajo, otra vez, hasta mi casa. Y es curioso porque el día que lo terminé, el día que llegué al final de esta obra de Cormac McCarthy —a quien mucho antes y mucho después he considerado el mayor escritor vivo de finales del siglo XX y de principios del XXI, entre otras cosas porque dio patente de corso a lo que hoy conocemos como literatura de frontera—, casi me echan de ese trabajo: cuando llegué a la estación en la cual debía bajar, me faltaban treinta o cuarenta páginas y decidí, unilateralmente, que no saldría de aquel vagón hasta no haber alcanzado el final de esta historia —una historia en la que intuía, a mis veintitantos años y acaso como se intuye un cambio repentino en el clima, una obra maestra—, una historia que, entonces, me llevó hasta el final de la línea anaranjada del metro de la Ciudad de México y de regreso, otra vez, al tiempo que me trasladaba, a consecuencia del sitio que entonces ocupaba en el mundo y en mi familia, al lugar del hijo.

El hijo. Y el padre. El padre y el hijo, de eso estaba hablando antes de colar acá el recuerdo inesperado y curioso —«olvidas lo que quieres recordar y recuerdas lo que quieres olvidar»— de mi primera lectura del más singular de los libros de McCarthy, en el sentido de que, aunque habita el mismo conjunto que el resto de su obra, asoma la mirada fuera de este, alcanzando los territorios de la ficción especulativa. De que La carretera se trata, por encima de todo lo demás —la necesidad de alcanzar el sur, la apremiante búsqueda del mar, la urgencia constante y mil veces repetida de encontrar comida y agua, la obligación de estar alertas las veinticuatro horas del día para no ser sorprendidos por los malos, la certeza de que los otros son, más que nunca, otros, la convicción de que el fuego puede arder en el exterior más inhóspito pero también en el pecho de los buenos, la seguridad de que habrá un día más aun a pesar de que la ceniza siga cayendo y de que no quede rastro alguno de otros animales, acaso un ladrido en la distancia—, de esa relación paterno filial que, en esta obra apocalíptica, como estás a punto de constatar, resulta casi imposible no experimentar la sensación de estar ante una premonición, es el sentido y el signo, el significado y el símbolo que ata a sus personajes entre sí pero también a la vida, al tiempo, al espacio y a la carretera, insuflándoles una fuerza que aunque puede titilar y puede estar a punto de apagarse, habrá de transformar la propia relación hasta convertirla en algo aún más poderoso: un vínculo perfectamente atado, el nudo que vuelve incombustible lo único sagrado que queda en ese mundo del que parecerían haberse retirado los dioses: «Si él no es la palabra de Dios, Dios no ha hablado nunca», se dice el padre.

El mismo padre que ante aquella certeza que cité antes y ahora desvelo un poco más: «Por último los nombres de cosas que uno creía verdaderas. Más frágiles de lo que él habría pensado. ¿Cuánto de ese mundo había desaparecido ya? El sagrado idioma desprovisto de sus referentes y por lo tanto de su realidad», es decir, el mismo padre que ante la pérdida casi absoluta del sentido terrenal pero también del sentido celestial se aferra al único vínculo con el que cuenta llevándolo incluso al plano espiritual: «Evoca las formas. Cuando no tengas nada más inventa las ceremonias e infúndeles vida». Inventa las ceremonias e infúndeles vida: esa ceremonia, esa celebración de la existencia a pesar de que ésta ya no sea más que eso, mera existencia, dura e inclemente supervivencia, la pura terquedad de no dejarse caer aun cuando el entorno es «como el agonizante mundo que habitan los ciegos nuevos, todo él disolviéndose lentamente de la memoria», igual que en el comienzo de los tiempos, en su final, es decir, su recomienzo, es de nueva cuenta el nudo que ata al padre y al hijo, un nudo casi físico, además, que entonces es la flecha que el mundo de antes ha lanzado a través de esa noche oscura en la que el presente se ha convertido de golpe —«los relojes se pararon a la 1:17. Un largo tijeretazo de claridad y luego una serie de pequeñas sacudidas. Se levantó y fue a la ventana. ¿Qué pasa?, dijo ella. Él no respondió.  Entró en el cuarto de baño y pulsó el interruptor de la luz pero ya no había corriente. Un fulgor rosado en la luna de la ventana. Hincó la rodilla y levantó la palanca para tapar la bañera y luego abrió los dos grifos a tope. Ella estaba en el umbral en camisón, agarrada a la jamba, sosteniéndose la barriga con una mano. ¿Qué es?, dijo. ¿Qué pasa? No lo sé»—, con la esperanza de que su dardo consiga atravesar el tiempo y de que alumbre, después, en el futuro, sea cual sea ese futuro: «Tienes que llevar el fuego. No sé cómo hacerlo. Sí que lo sabes».

La carretera es también una historia en la que la esperanza y la desesperanza se enredan como serpientes que han de procrear un nuevo bicho, un bicho listo para el cataclismo, un bicho que enarbole el amor como antorcha.

Ese vínculo, ese nudo, el del padre y el hijo, el del hijo y el padre, sin embargo, además de estar atado por necesidades compartidas, lo está también por una dimensión totalmente diferente pero sólo en apariencia contradictoria —esta es, de hecho, una de las claves que me permiten aseverar, muchos años después de haberlo apenas intuido, que La carretera es una obra maestra: más allá de que acá el fondo sea forma y de que la forma sea fondo, McCarthy logra el prodigio de que fondo y forma intercambien, de tanto en tanto, lugares—, una dimensión que vuelve al vínculo un nudo, pero un nudo mágico, un nudo corredizo: el padre necesita, sobre todo lo demás —su lucha por mantener el pasado a raya en su memoria, su obsesión por empatar sus sueños con su realidad, su combate constante con esa enfermedad que lo hace escupir sangre— que el hijo viva, necesita, pues, estar dispuesto a dar la vida por él; por su parte, el hijo necesita, sobre todo lo demás —su lucha por mantener a raya el miedo que le inspira el futuro, su obsesión por no infringir ningún tipo de mal ni generar daño alguno, su combate constante con la idea de que la maldad habita en todos los otros—, que el padre lo mantenga vivo, necesita, pues, que esté dispuesto a dar la vida por él: cada uno es la garantía del otro. Y para que esa garantía no expire, el padre debe vencer a la esperanza, mientras el hijo debe vencer a la desesperanza, tal y como ha sido, otra vez, desde el comienzo de los tiempos, desde que hubo un padre y un hijo.

«Yo no puedo ayudarte. Dicen que las mujeres sueñan con el peligro que acecha a sus seres queridos y que los hombres sueñan con el peligro que corren ellos mismos. Pero yo no sueño nada. ¿Dices que no eres capaz? Entonces no lo hagas […] Es posible que lo consigas. Lo dudo, pero quién sabe. Lo único que puedo decirte es que tú solo no sobrevivirás. Lo sé porque yo nunca habría llegado hasta tan lejos. Una persona que no tuviera a nadie haría bien en hacerse de un fantasma más o menos pasable. Ofrecerle migas de fantasma y protegerlo con su propio cuerpo. Por lo que a mí respecta mi única esperanza es la nada eterna y la deseo con toda mi alma»: La carretera es también una historia en la que la esperanza y la desesperanza se enredan como serpientes que han de procrear un nuevo bicho, un bicho listo para el cataclismo, un bicho que enarbole el amor como antorcha, me digo cuando acabo de leer, una vez más, este libro que, ahora, quince años después, además de hacerme retrasar otros trabajos, como si siguiera en el vagón del metro, me traslada, a consecuencia del sitio que hoy ocupo en el mundo y en mi propia familia, en vez de al lugar del hijo, al del padre.

¿Se puede pedir más de un libro? ¿Se puede esperar algo más del acto estético que poder trasladarse no a uno sino a varios personajes? ¿Poder ser, según la lectura, el hijo o el padre, por ejemplo? ¿Poder ser cualquiera de los extremos de ese vínculo que al final es La carretera? ¿Ser la esperanza o la desesperanza, ser el resguardo o el resguardado, ser el palo de la antorcha o la tea?, me pregunto justo antes de acabar este prólogo y recuerdo mis subrayados: «Se quedó acostado mirando al chico junto al fuego. Quería ser capaz de ver. Mira todo esto, dijo. No hay un solo profeta en la larga crónica de la Tierra que no encuentre hoy aquí su razón de ser. Teníais razón, hablarais de lo que hablarais».

Luego reviso y transcribo acá mis dos últimos subrayados: «¿La vida real es muy mala? ¿Tú qué piensas? Bueno, yo pienso que todavía estamos vivos. Nos han ocurrido muchas cosas malas pero todavía estamos aquí. Sí. No te parece que eso sea estupendo. Puede». Y luego: «¿Es de verdad? ¿El fuego? Sí. ¿Dónde está? Yo no sé dónde está el fuego. Sí que lo sabes. Está en tu interior. Siempre ha estado ahí. Yo lo veo».

Y es que el fuego, al final, como al principio y como siempre, no arde más que en nombre de la bondad y la belleza: el fuego es el corazón del corazón del vínculo, como seguramente ustedes también descubrirán tras su lectura.

De eso, sobre todo, trata este libro, en el que también hay una carretera, un mundo que ardió, un clima helado y un tiempo enredado.

Pero basta. Pasen y gocen. Verán que ustedes también olvidan todo lo demás, aunque sea un momento.

McCarthy y Emiliano

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