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Perros, libros y memoria: Julia Navarro y la huella imborrable de los animales

Cuando los animales que nos acompañan desaparecen, no se van del todo: permanecen en la memoria y, a veces, en los libros. «Cuando ellos se van» (Plaza & Janés, 2025), de Julia Navarro, nace de ese espacio íntimo donde el duelo se transforma en relato y el amor busca palabras para perdurar. A partir de la despedida de Argos, su inseparable pastor alemán, la autora construye un emotivo homenaje a los animales que nos han acompañado y cuidado sin pedir nada a cambio. Lejos de la mera confesión, Navarro recurre a la literatura, el arte, el cine y la historia para dar forma a un libro coral y atemporal. En la parte dedicada a los perros literarios desfilan figuras caninas memorables: algunas pertenecen a la ficción y han alcanzado la fama a través de la «pluma» de escritores y otras, por el contrario, son reales y han formado parte de la vida de algunos escritores célebres. Bajo estas líneas, LENGUA comparte los extractos dedicados a Flush, inmortalizado por Virginia Woolf; Keeper, el fiel compañero de Emily Brontë; y Bingo, el perro que acompañó a Agatha Christie.

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Barrett y Woolf\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>Flush, un cocker spaniel, era el perro que acompa\u00f1aba a la poetisa <a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguin.co.uk\/authors\/8342\/elizabeth-browning\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\">Elizabeth Barrett<\/span><\/a>, pero le debe la fama a otra escritora, nada menos que a Virginia Woolf, quien escribi\u00f3 una novela titulada con su nombre que fue un \u00e9xito.\u00a0<\/p><p>Barrett, que vivi\u00f3 durante la \u00e9poca victoriana, fue una mujer igualmente singular, como Byron. Pero acaso el hecho de escribir, de dejar que la imaginaci\u00f3n construya poemas o historias es en s\u00ed una extravagancia.\u00a0<\/p><p>Sin duda, el papel de Elizabeth Barrett como mujer no se ajustaba a los c\u00e1nones de su tiempo ya que hizo suyas dos causas: la abolici\u00f3n de la esclavitud y la oposici\u00f3n al trabajo infantil. \u00a1Bien por ella!\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00bfD\u00f3nde encontr\u00f3 la pulsi\u00f3n para enrolarse en la defensa de estas dos causas? Ella pertenec\u00eda a una familia acomodada, pero, aun as\u00ed, su mente inquieta la llev\u00f3 a leer a los cl\u00e1sicos. Claro que la fortuna es muy vol\u00e1til y con el transcurrir del tiempo su padre se arruin\u00f3. Pero no es su vida la que quiero contar, sino la de Flush, un cocker spaniel \u00abde orejas largas, cola ancha y unos ojos at\u00f3nitos de color avellana\u00bb. En realidad, sabemos de Flush por <a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/no-ficcion\/virginia-woolf-en-el-jardin-de-las-americanas-cristina-onoro\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\">Virginia Woolf<\/span><\/a>, a la que, casi un siglo despu\u00e9s de que Barrett y su perro vivieran, se le ocurri\u00f3 narrar su historia.\u00a0<\/p><p>Virginia Woolf hace que sea Flush el que nos cuente la historia de Elizabeth Barrett y su relaci\u00f3n con Robert Browning, tambi\u00e9n poeta.\u00a0<\/p><p>El perro hace una descripci\u00f3n precisa de la \u00e9poca, y tambi\u00e9n da cuenta de los celos que al principio siente por la llegada de Browning a la vida de Elizabeth. Flush tiene que resignarse a compartir a Elizabeth con el poeta, lo que le resulta dif\u00edcil.\u00a0<\/p><p>Virginia Woolf no imaginaba el \u00e9xito que iba a obtener con esta novela, e incluso le lleg\u00f3 a preocupar que la consideraran una escritora \u00abmenor\u00bb, ya que <a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/libros-clasicos\/338448-ebook-flush-9788466376235\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><em>Flush<\/em><\/span><\/a> se convirti\u00f3 en un aut\u00e9ntico best seller, y en sus primeras semanas vendi\u00f3 m\u00e1s de veinte mil ejemplares.\u00a0<\/p><p>Por lo que parece, tambi\u00e9n en la \u00e9poca en que le toc\u00f3 vivir a Virginia Woolf el \u00e9xito de una novela estaba mal visto entre la intelectualidad, de manera que a la propia escritora le preocup\u00f3 que la venta de tantos libros conllevara que el c\u00edrculo de intelectuales no la tomara en serio.\u00a0<\/p><p>Les confieso mi irritaci\u00f3n por ese axioma tramposo en el que militan algunos cr\u00edticos literarios, seg\u00fan el cual si un libro tiene buena acogida entre los lectores significa que no tiene calidad porque el com\u00fan de la gente carece de entendederas para distinguir lo bueno, lo exquisito. La soberbia ensombrece la inteligencia y el buen juicio de algunos cr\u00edticos. De manera que no es de extra\u00f1ar que Virginia Woolf se preocupara por las ventas de <em>Flush<\/em>. Afortunadamente, el \u00e9xito no logr\u00f3 disminuir la fama literaria de Virginia Woolf, que hoy ocupa un lugar de honor en el Parnaso, donde se encuentran los grandes de la 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y Emily Bront\u00eb\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>Una escritora a la que yo le\u00eda con aut\u00e9ntico entusiasmo cuando era adolescente es <a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/literatura\/las-hermanas-bronte-jorge-volpi-la-invencion-de-todas-las-cosas\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\">Emily Bront\u00eb<\/span><\/a>. A\u00fan recuerdo la sacudida que me produjo <span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><em><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/libros-clasicos\/316573-ebook-cumbres-borrascosas-9788491055952\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">Cumbres Borrascosas<\/a><\/em><\/span>, qu\u00e9 novel\u00f3n, qu\u00e9 gran novela, que, por cierto, no obtuvo buenas cr\u00edticas cuando fue publicada. En demasiadas ocasiones los cr\u00edticos van por un lado y los lectores por otro. Eso tambi\u00e9n le ha pasado a Alejandro Dumas hasta hace cuatro d\u00edas.\u00a0<\/p><p>En cuanto a Emily Bront\u00eb, parece que era de car\u00e1cter retra\u00eddo y que solo manifestaba cierta emoci\u00f3n ante los perros.\u00a0<\/p><p>No es de extra\u00f1ar, puesto que el ambiente en el que vivi\u00f3 no era precisamente alegre en la casa familiar, situada en un pueblo, Haworth, donde su padre \u00abreinaba\u00bb como \u00abpastor\u00bb. Pero el hombre deb\u00eda de tener su corazoncito porque parece que un d\u00eda se present\u00f3 en su casa con un perro de raza setter que puso un punto de alegr\u00eda en la familia, aunque no por mucho tiempo porque el animalito muri\u00f3 a consecuencia del moquillo. Al cabo de un tiempo el padre volvi\u00f3 a llevar otro perro, esta vez un terrier, que de inmediato se gan\u00f3 el cari\u00f1o de Emily.\u00a0<\/p><p>No fue este el \u00fanico can que form\u00f3 parte de su vida, sus bi\u00f3grafos aseguran que para ella fue especialmente importante Keeper, un bulldog del que no se separaba, que incluso dorm\u00eda en su habitaci\u00f3n, y que lleg\u00f3 a aterrorizar a toda la familia.\u00a0<\/p><p>Parece que, en una ocasi\u00f3n, Keeper estuvo a punto de \u00abdesayunarse\u00bb a la vieja criada de la familia y que Emily le dio tal paliza que casi lo mata. Pero la personalidad de esta Bront\u00eb deb\u00eda de ser la mar de compleja porque nada m\u00e1s apalearle se puso a curarle con todo el mimo del que fue capaz.\u00a0<\/p><p>La verdad es que me cuesta comprender c\u00f3mo pudo pegar a su perro con sa\u00f1a, pero una vez m\u00e1s el perro dio una lecci\u00f3n de lealtad absoluta porque en ning\u00fan momento se revolvi\u00f3 contra ella. La perdon\u00f3. \u00bfAlg\u00fan humano perdonar\u00eda que le dieran una paliza de muerte? Reconozco que este suceso me llev\u00f3 a tener man\u00eda a esta Bront\u00eb. No soy capaz de \u00abperdonarle\u00bb que golpease a su perro y me sigue costando disociar a la gran escritora de la mujer capaz de apalear a un animal.\u00a0<\/p><p>Cuando la escritora muri\u00f3, Keeper form\u00f3 parte del cortejo funerario y pas\u00f3 los siguientes d\u00edas aullando sin cesar. Otra lecci\u00f3n de lealtad.\u00a0<\/p><p>El perro es el \u00fanico amigo que no te traiciona nunca, que te perdona todo. Y debo confesar que cuando le\u00ed sobre la paliza de Emily Bront\u00eb a Keeper, inmediatamente la \u00abborr\u00e9\u00bb de la lista de mis autoras favoritas.\u00a0<\/p><p>Insisto: no pienso perdonarla, aunque no dejar\u00e9 de leerla.\u00a0<br \/><br \/><\/p><p><strong>Bingo para Agatha Christie\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><p>De vez en cuando me acecha la tentaci\u00f3n de escribir a James Prichard, bisnieto de <a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinrandomhouse.com\/authors\/4912\/agatha-christie\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\"><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\">Agatha Christie<\/span><\/a>, para preguntarle por qu\u00e9 su bisabuela puso a su perro el nombre de Bingo y, sobre todo, por qu\u00e9 en una entrevista que Mar\u00eda Contreras le hizo en <em>Vanity Fair<\/em>, \u00e9l lo calific\u00f3 como \u00abaterrador\u00bb.\u00a0<\/p><p>Ignoro si a Bingo no le gustaba James Prichard porque este no le trataba bien o simplemente le ten\u00eda miedo, o es que era realmente un perro con malas pulgas; claro que si nos atenemos a las fotograf\u00edas en que la escritora aparece con su perro, este no tiene aspecto \u00abaterrador\u00bb.\u00a0<\/p><p>Sin duda Bingo ocupaba un papel importante en la vida de Agatha Christie puesto que la acompa\u00f1aba incluso cuando ella se pon\u00eda a escribir, lo cual comprendo porque, al igual que ella, yo he escrito todas mis novelas acompa\u00f1ada por Tifis primero y por Argos despu\u00e9s. Y ahora con Barbie, mi maravillosa Barbie. Y, en m\u00e1s de una ocasi\u00f3n, me sorprend\u00eda a m\u00ed misma comentando con ellos los entresijos de lo que estaba escribiendo.<\/p>\",\"section_style\":\"\",\"align\":\"\",\"align_tablet\":\"\",\"align_mobile\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"#1a1a1a\",\"typography_typography\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_size\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"18\"},\"typography_font_size_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_size_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_font_family\":\"custom\",\"typography_font_family_custom\":\"Fort-Book\",\"typography_font_weight\":\"\",\"typography_text_transform\":\"\",\"typography_font_style\":\"\",\"typography_line_height\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"27\"},\"typography_line_height_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_line_height_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"em\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"typography_letter_spacing_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\"},\"_section_style\":\"\",\"_margin\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_margin_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_margin_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"_padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_animation\":\"\",\"animation_duration\":\"\",\"_css_classes\":\"\",\"_section_background\":\"\",\"_background_background\":\"\",\"_background_color\":\"\",\"_background_image\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_background_position\":\"\",\"_background_attachment\":\"\",\"_background_repeat\":\"\",\"_background_size\":\"\",\"_background_video_link\":\"\",\"_background_video_fallback\":{\"url\":\"\",\"id\":\"\"},\"_border_border\":\"\",\"_border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_border_color\":\"\",\"_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"\",\"right\":\"\",\"bottom\":\"\",\"left\":\"\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_box_shadow_box_shadow_type\":\"\",\"_box_shadow_box_shadow\":{\"horizontal\":0,\"vertical\":0,\"blur\":10,\"spread\":0,\"inset\":\"\",\"color\":\"rgba(0,0,0,0.5)\"},\"_section_responsive\":\"\",\"responsive_description\":\"\",\"hide_desktop\":\"\",\"hide_tablet\":\"\",\"hide_mobile\":\"\"},\"defaultEditSettings\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\",\"editSettings\":{}},{\"id\":\"xw74l6r\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"isInner\":false,\"settings\":{\"section_editor\":\"\",\"editor\":\"<p class=\\\"MsoNormal\\\"><strong>OTROS\u00a0CONTENIDOS DE INTER\u00c9S:<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/entrevistas\/julia-navarro-los-ninos-siempre-pierden-las-guerras-de-los-padres\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">Julia Navarro: \u00abLos ni\u00f1os siempre pierden las guerras de los padres\u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/fenomenos\/julia-navarro-la-hermandad-de-la-sabana-santa-prologo-david-trias\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">\u00abLa Hermandad de la S\u00e1bana Santa\u00bb, veinte a\u00f1os de una historia compartida<\/a><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/no-ficcion\/arturo-perez-reverte-perros-e-hijos-de-perra-alfaguara\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">Animales como uno: Arturo P\u00e9rez-Reverte y los perros que am\u00f3<\/a><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\\\"text-decoration: underline;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.penguinlibros.com\/es\/revista-lengua\/no-ficcion\/extracto-su-olor-despues-de-la-lluvia-cedric-sapin-defour\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener\\\">Amar a un perro es aceptar una vida de alegr\u00eda, dedicaci\u00f3n y (s\u00ed, tambi\u00e9n) 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5 minutos

Por  Julia Navarro

¡Guau! ¡Guau!

¡Guau! ¡Guau! Crédito: Getty Images.

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Flush, Barrett y Woolf 

Flush, un cocker spaniel, era el perro que acompañaba a la poetisa Elizabeth Barrett, pero le debe la fama a otra escritora, nada menos que a Virginia Woolf, quien escribió una novela titulada con su nombre que fue un éxito. 

Barrett, que vivió durante la época victoriana, fue una mujer igualmente singular, como Byron. Pero acaso el hecho de escribir, de dejar que la imaginación construya poemas o historias es en sí una extravagancia. 

Sin duda, el papel de Elizabeth Barrett como mujer no se ajustaba a los cánones de su tiempo ya que hizo suyas dos causas: la abolición de la esclavitud y la oposición al trabajo infantil. ¡Bien por ella! 

¿Dónde encontró la pulsión para enrolarse en la defensa de estas dos causas? Ella pertenecía a una familia acomodada, pero, aun así, su mente inquieta la llevó a leer a los clásicos. Claro que la fortuna es muy volátil y con el transcurrir del tiempo su padre se arruinó. Pero no es su vida la que quiero contar, sino la de Flush, un cocker spaniel «de orejas largas, cola ancha y unos ojos atónitos de color avellana». En realidad, sabemos de Flush por Virginia Woolf, a la que, casi un siglo después de que Barrett y su perro vivieran, se le ocurrió narrar su historia. 

Virginia Woolf hace que sea Flush el que nos cuente la historia de Elizabeth Barrett y su relación con Robert Browning, también poeta. 

El perro hace una descripción precisa de la época, y también da cuenta de los celos que al principio siente por la llegada de Browning a la vida de Elizabeth. Flush tiene que resignarse a compartir a Elizabeth con el poeta, lo que le resulta difícil. 

Virginia Woolf no imaginaba el éxito que iba a obtener con esta novela, e incluso le llegó a preocupar que la consideraran una escritora «menor», ya que Flush se convirtió en un auténtico best seller, y en sus primeras semanas vendió más de veinte mil ejemplares. 

Por lo que parece, también en la época en que le tocó vivir a Virginia Woolf el éxito de una novela estaba mal visto entre la intelectualidad, de manera que a la propia escritora le preocupó que la venta de tantos libros conllevara que el círculo de intelectuales no la tomara en serio. 

Les confieso mi irritación por ese axioma tramposo en el que militan algunos críticos literarios, según el cual si un libro tiene buena acogida entre los lectores significa que no tiene calidad porque el común de la gente carece de entendederas para distinguir lo bueno, lo exquisito. La soberbia ensombrece la inteligencia y el buen juicio de algunos críticos. De manera que no es de extrañar que Virginia Woolf se preocupara por las ventas de Flush. Afortunadamente, el éxito no logró disminuir la fama literaria de Virginia Woolf, que hoy ocupa un lugar de honor en el Parnaso, donde se encuentran los grandes de la Literatura. 

  • ¡En oferta!
  • -5%

Cuando ellos se van

El libro más emotivo de Julia Navarro es un homenaje lleno de amor y ternura por los animales.
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Keeper y Emily Brontë 

Una escritora a la que yo leía con auténtico entusiasmo cuando era adolescente es Emily Brontë. Aún recuerdo la sacudida que me produjo Cumbres Borrascosas, qué novelón, qué gran novela, que, por cierto, no obtuvo buenas críticas cuando fue publicada. En demasiadas ocasiones los críticos van por un lado y los lectores por otro. Eso también le ha pasado a Alejandro Dumas hasta hace cuatro días. 

En cuanto a Emily Brontë, parece que era de carácter retraído y que solo manifestaba cierta emoción ante los perros. 

No es de extrañar, puesto que el ambiente en el que vivió no era precisamente alegre en la casa familiar, situada en un pueblo, Haworth, donde su padre «reinaba» como «pastor». Pero el hombre debía de tener su corazoncito porque parece que un día se presentó en su casa con un perro de raza setter que puso un punto de alegría en la familia, aunque no por mucho tiempo porque el animalito murió a consecuencia del moquillo. Al cabo de un tiempo el padre volvió a llevar otro perro, esta vez un terrier, que de inmediato se ganó el cariño de Emily. 

No fue este el único can que formó parte de su vida, sus biógrafos aseguran que para ella fue especialmente importante Keeper, un bulldog del que no se separaba, que incluso dormía en su habitación, y que llegó a aterrorizar a toda la familia. 

Parece que, en una ocasión, Keeper estuvo a punto de «desayunarse» a la vieja criada de la familia y que Emily le dio tal paliza que casi lo mata. Pero la personalidad de esta Brontë debía de ser la mar de compleja porque nada más apalearle se puso a curarle con todo el mimo del que fue capaz. 

La verdad es que me cuesta comprender cómo pudo pegar a su perro con saña, pero una vez más el perro dio una lección de lealtad absoluta porque en ningún momento se revolvió contra ella. La perdonó. ¿Algún humano perdonaría que le dieran una paliza de muerte? Reconozco que este suceso me llevó a tener manía a esta Brontë. No soy capaz de «perdonarle» que golpease a su perro y me sigue costando disociar a la gran escritora de la mujer capaz de apalear a un animal. 

Cuando la escritora murió, Keeper formó parte del cortejo funerario y pasó los siguientes días aullando sin cesar. Otra lección de lealtad. 

El perro es el único amigo que no te traiciona nunca, que te perdona todo. Y debo confesar que cuando leí sobre la paliza de Emily Brontë a Keeper, inmediatamente la «borré» de la lista de mis autoras favoritas. 

Insisto: no pienso perdonarla, aunque no dejaré de leerla. 

Bingo para Agatha Christie 

De vez en cuando me acecha la tentación de escribir a James Prichard, bisnieto de Agatha Christie, para preguntarle por qué su bisabuela puso a su perro el nombre de Bingo y, sobre todo, por qué en una entrevista que María Contreras le hizo en Vanity Fair, él lo calificó como «aterrador». 

Ignoro si a Bingo no le gustaba James Prichard porque este no le trataba bien o simplemente le tenía miedo, o es que era realmente un perro con malas pulgas; claro que si nos atenemos a las fotografías en que la escritora aparece con su perro, este no tiene aspecto «aterrador». 

Sin duda Bingo ocupaba un papel importante en la vida de Agatha Christie puesto que la acompañaba incluso cuando ella se ponía a escribir, lo cual comprendo porque, al igual que ella, yo he escrito todas mis novelas acompañada por Tifis primero y por Argos después. Y ahora con Barbie, mi maravillosa Barbie. Y, en más de una ocasión, me sorprendía a mí misma comentando con ellos los entresijos de lo que estaba escribiendo.

OTROS CONTENIDOS DE INTERÉS:

Julia Navarro: «Los niños siempre pierden las guerras de los padres»

«La Hermandad de la Sábana Santa», veinte años de una historia compartida

Animales como uno: Arturo Pérez-Reverte y los perros que amó

Amar a un perro es aceptar una vida de alegría, dedicación y (sí, también) tristeza

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